Pass PCPP-32-101 Brain Dump Updated Certification Sample Questions [Q41-Q57]

In the given code snippet, the repeat function is a decorator that takes an argument num_times specifying the number of times the decorated function should be called. The repeat function returns an inner function wrapper_repeat that takes a function func as an argument and returns another inner function wrapper that calls func num_times times.
The provided code snippet represents an example of a decorator that accepts its own arguments.
The @decorator_function syntax is used to apply the decorator_function to the some_function function.
The decorator_function takes an argument arg1 and defines an inner function wrapper_function that takes the original function func as its argument. The wrapper_function then returns the result of calling func , along with the arg1 argument passed to the decorator_function .
Here is an example of how to use this decorator with some_function :
@ decorator_function ( “argument 1” )
def some_function ():
return “Hello world”
When some_function is called, it will first be passed as an argument to the decorator_function .
The decorator_function then adds the string “argument 1” to the result of calling some_function() and returns the resulting string. In this case, the final output would be “Hello world argument 1” .
Reference:
Official Python documentation on Decorators: https://docs.python.org/3/glossary.html#term-decorator

The correct answer is A. In Tkinter event handling, an event object contains information about the event that occurred. One of its useful attributes is widget, which refers to the actual widget object that caused or received the event. This is not merely the widget’s name as text; it is a reference to the widget instance itself. That means the event handler can inspect or manipulate the widget directly, for example by reading its configuration or changing its displayed value. Option B and option D are incorrect because they describe a name, not an object reference. Option C is unrelated, since run() is not part of Tkinter event object semantics.

Explanation
This statement is true because the code uses the logging module to create a logger object and set its level to logging.INFO. The logging module provides a way of reporting events that occur during the execution of a program. The logging level determines which events are reported and which are ignored. The logging module defines five levels of severity: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL. The lower the level, the more events are reported.
The code then uses the logger object to log two messages: one with the level logging.DEBUG and one with the level logging.INFO. The logger object only reports the messages that have a level equal or higher than its own level. Therefore, the message with the level logging.DEBUG is ignored, while the message with the level logging.INFO is reported. The default format for reporting messages is “level name: message”. Therefore, the output of the code is:
INFO: Loading data…

The correct answers are C and D. PEP 8 recommends surrounding top-level function and class definitions with two blank lines. This improves readability by clearly separating major program units in a module. Inside a class, method definitions should be separated by a single blank line because methods are more closely related and need less visual separation than top-level definitions. Option A is incorrect because imports are commonly grouped into standard library imports, third-party imports, and local application imports, with blank lines separating those groups. Option B is incorrect because one blank line is insufficient for top-level functions and classes under PEP 8. These spacing rules support clean, predictable, maintainable Python code layout.

Explanation
A socket object is usually created using the socket() constructor provided by the socket module in Python. The correct invocation is socket.socket(socket_domain, socket_type). This creates a new socket object with the specified socket domain and type.

Explanation
The @property decorator should be defined after the method that is responsible for setting an encapsulated attribute is a false sentence. In fact, the @property decorator should be defined before the method that is used to set the attribute value. The @property decorator and the setter and deleter methods work together to create an encapsulated attribute, which is used to provide control over the attribute’s value.

A). In the context of TCP/IP networks, the communication side that initiates a connection is called the client, whereas the side that answers the client is called the server.
This statement is true because TCP/IP networks use a client-server model to establish connection-oriented communications. The client is the device or application that requests a service or resource from another device or application, which is called the server. The server responds to the client’s request and provides the service or resource. For example, when you browse a website using a web browser, the browser acts as a client and sends a request to the web server that hosts the website. The web server acts as a server and sends back the requested web page to the browser 1 .
B). Connectionless communications are usually built on top of TCP.
This statement is false because TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented protocol that requires establishing and terminating a connection before and after sending data. Connectionless communications are usually built on top of UDP (User Datagram Protocol), which is a connectionless protocol that does not require any connection setup or teardown. UDP simply sends data packets to the destination without checking if they are received or not 2 .
C). Using walkie-talkies is an example of a connection-oriented communication.
This statement is false because using walkie-talkies is an example of a connectionless communication. Walkie- talkies do not establish a dedicated channel or connection between the sender and receiver before transmitting data. They simply broadcast data over a shared frequency without ensuring that the receiver is ready or available to receive it. The sender does not know if the receiver has received the data or not 3 .
D). A phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication.
This statement is true because a phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication. A phone call requires setting up a circuit or connection between the caller and callee before exchanging voice data. The caller and callee can hear each other’s voice and know if they are connected or not. The phone call also requires terminating the connection when the conversation is over 4 .
References:
1 : https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/client-server 2 : https://www.javatpoint.com
/connection-oriented-vs-connectionless-service 3 : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie 4 : https://en.
wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_call
A is true because in the context of TCP/IP networks, the communication side that initiates a connection is called the client, and the side that answers the client is called the server. This is the basis for establishing a connection-oriented communication.
D is true because a phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication. Like TCP/IP, a phone call establishes a connection between two devices (in this case, two phones) before communication can occur.
A is true because in the context of TCP/IP networks, the communication side that initiates a connection is called the client, and the side that answers the client is called the server. This is the basis for establishing a connection-oriented communication.
D is true because a phone call is an example of a connection-oriented communication. Like TCP/IP, a phone call establishes a connection between two devices (in this case, two phones) before communication can occur.
B is false because connectionless communications are usually built on top of UDP, not TCP. UDP is a connectionless protocol that does not establish a connection before sending data.
C is false because using walkie-talkies is an example of a connectionless communication. Walkie-talkies do not establish a connection before communication begins, and messages are simply broadcasted to all devices within range.
Here is a sample code in Python using the socket module to create a TCP server and client to demonstrate the connection-oriented communication:
Server-side code:
import socket
HOST = ‘127.0.0.1’
PORT = 8080
with socket. socket (socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
s. bind ((HOST, PORT))
s. listen ()
conn, addr = s. accept ()
with conn:
print ( ‘Connected by’ , addr)
while True:
data = conn. recv ( 1024 )
if not data:
break
conn. sendall (data)
Client-side code:
import socket
HOST = ‘127.0.0.1’
PORT = 8080
with socket. socket (socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
s. connect ((HOST, PORT))
s. sendall (b ‘ Hello, world ‘ )
data = s. recv ( 1024 )
print ( ‘Received’ , repr (data))
The server listens for incoming connections on port 8080, and when a connection is established, it prints the address of the client that has connected. The server then continuously receives data from the client and sends it back to the client until the connection is closed.
The client establishes a connection with the server and sends the message “Hello, world” encoded as bytes. It then waits for a response from the server and prints the data it receives.

The correct answer is C because cls is the conventional first parameter name used in class methods. A class method is defined with the @classmethod decorator, and Python automatically passes the class itself as the first argument when the method is called. This is similar to how self represents the instance in instance methods, but cls represents the class object, not an individual object. Static methods are different because they receive neither self nor cls automatically; they behave like regular functions placed inside a class namespace. Option A is incorrect because a class instance is conventionally referenced by self, not cls. Option D is unrelated to Python’s method model.

The correct answers are B and C. In Python, exception objects have a __traceback__ attribute that stores traceback information connected with the point where the exception was raised. This makes option C true. The traceback object can be processed using functions from the traceback module, including traceback.format_tb(), which formats traceback entries into readable strings, so option B is also true. Option A is wrong because __traceback__ is not a special method and is not “delivered” by the traceback module; it is an exception attribute. Option D is also incorrect because the attribute is not limited only to exceptions in an explicit or implicit exception chain.

Explanation
The two true statements related to PEP 8 programming recommendations for code writing are Option B and Option D.
Option B is true because PEP 8 recommends making object type comparisons using the isinstance() method instead of comparing types directly 1.
Option D is true because PEP 8 recommends not writing string literals that rely on significant trailing whitespaces as they may be visually indistinguishable, and certain editors may trim them 1.

The correct answers are C and D. Custom application exceptions should normally inherit from Exception, not directly from BaseException. BaseException is intended for system-exiting exceptions such as SystemExit, KeyboardInterrupt, and GeneratorExit, so deriving ordinary errors from it can interfere with normal control flow. PEP 8 also discourages broad or bare except: clauses because they catch too much and can hide programming errors or prevent expected interruption behavior. Specific exception handling is clearer, safer, and easier to debug. Option A reverses the intended guidance:
exception hierarchies should help code distinguish what went wrong programmatically. Option B is false because a bare except: can catch system-level exceptions, which is exactly why it should be avoided.

The @property decorator should be defined after the method that is responsible for setting an encapsulated attribute is a false sentence. In fact, the @property decorator should be defined before the method that is used to set the attribute value. The @property decorator and the setter and deleter methods work together to create an encapsulated attribute, which is used to provide control over the attribute’s value.
Reference:
Official Python documentation on Property: https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#property The @property decorator is used to designate a method as a getter for an instance attribute. The method decorated with @property should be defined before any setter or deleter methods for the same attribute.

The correct answer is D because var1 is a class variable defined directly inside the Sword class body.
Class variables belong to the class object itself and can be accessed or updated by qualifying them with the class name, such as Sword.var1 = ‘blade’. The snippet does not raise an AttributeError or ValueError; creating s1 = Sword() correctly calls __init__() and assigns the instance attribute self.
name. Option C is not correct in this context because cls is only automatically available inside a class method when declared as the first parameter. Outside such a method, cls is just an undefined name unless explicitly assigned.

Option B is true because the unbind() method is invoked from within a widget’s object 1 .
Option D is true because the unbind() method needs the event name as an argument 1 .
The unbind() method in Tkinter is used to remove a binding between an event and a function. It can be invoked from within a widget’s object when a binding is no longer needed. The method requires the event name as an argument to remove the binding for that specific event. For example:
button = tk.Button(root, text=”Click me”)
button.bind(” < Button-1 > “, callback_function) # bind left mouse click event to callback_function button.unbind(” < Button-1 > “) # remove the binding for the left mouse click event

Explanation
The execute method is provided by the Cursor class
This statement is true because the execute method is one of the methods of the Cursor class in the sqlite3 module. The Cursor class represents an object that can execute SQL statements and fetch results from a database connection. The execute method takes an SQL query as an argument and executes it against the database. For example, cur = conn.cursor (); cur.execute (“SELECT * FROM table”) creates and executes a cursor object that selects all rows from a table.
The fetchone method returns None when no rows are available
This statement is true because the fetchone method is another method of the Cursor class in the sqlite3 module.
The fetchone method fetches the next row of a query result set and returns it as a single tuple or None if no more rows are available. For example, row = cur.fetchone () fetches and returns one row from the cursor object or None if there are no more rows.